Physiotherapy
Volume 96, Issue 3 , Pages 213-221 , September 2010

The influence of psychological factors on pre-operative levels of pain intensity, disability and health-related quality of life in lumbar spinal fusion surgery patients

  • Allan D. Abbott

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
    • Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Orthopaedics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Department of Physical Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm 14186, Sweden. Tel.: +46 8 585 819 55; fax: +46 8 585 821 90.
    • ,
  • Raija Tyni-Lenné

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
    • ,
  • Rune Hedlund

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Clinical Sciences, Department for Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

References 

  1. Gatchel RJ, Fuchs PN, Peng YB, Peters ML, Yurk DC. The biopsychosocial approach to chronic pain: scientific advances and future directions. Psychol Bull. 2007;133:581–624
  2. Fordyce WE, Fowler R, Delateur B. An application of behaviour modification technique to a problem of chronic pain. Behav Res Ther. 1968;6:105–107
  3. Fordyce WE. Behavioral methods for chronic pain and illness. St. Louis: Mosby; 1976;
  4. Fordyce WE, Shelton JL, Dundore DE. The modification of avoidance learning pain behaviours. J Behav Med. 1982;5:405–414
  5. Turk DC, Meichenbaum D, Genest M. Pain and behavioural medicine: a cognitive behavioural perspective. New York: Guilford Press; 1983;
  6. Lethem J, Slade PD, Troup JD, Bentley G. Outline of a fear-avoidance model of exaggerated pain perception. Behav Res Ther. 1983;21:401–408
  7. Phillips HC. Avoidance behaviour and its role in sustaining chronic pain. Behav Res Ther. 1987;25:273–279
  8. Waddell G, Newton M, Henderson I, Somerville D, Main C. A Fear-Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability. Pain. 1993;52:157–168
  9. Vlaeyen JW, Kole-Snijders AM, Boeren RG, van Eek H. Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance. Pain. 1995;62:363–372
  10. Vlaeyen JWS, Linton SJ. Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art. Pain. 2000;85:317–332
  11. Kori SH, Miller RP, Todd DD. Kinesiophobia: a new view of chronic pain behaviour. Pain Manage. 1990;Jan/Feb:35–43
  12. Rosenstiel AK, Keefe FJ. The use of coping strategies in chronic low back pain patients: relationships to patient characteristics and current adjustment. Pain. 1983;17:33–44
  13. Crombez G, Vlaeyen JWS, Heuts PHTG, Lysens R. Pain-related fear is more disabling than pain itself: evidence on the role of pain-related fear in chronic back pain disability. Pain. 1999;80:329–339
  14. Picavet HSJ, Vlaeyen JWS, Schouten JSAG. Pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia: predictors of chronic low back pain. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;156:1028–1034
  15. Woby SR, Watson PJ, Roach NK, Urmston M. Adjustment to chronic low back pain – the relative influence of fear-avoidance beliefs, catastrophizing, and appraisals of control. Behav Res Ther. 2004;42:761–774
  16. den Boer JJ, Oostendoorp RAB, Beems T, Munneke M, Evers AWM. Continued disability and pain after lumber disc surgery: the role of cognitive-behavioural factors. Pain. 2006;123:45–52
  17. Peters ML, Vlaeyen JWS, Weber WEJ. The joint contribution of physical pathology, pain-related fear and catastrophizing to chronic back pain disability. Pain. 2005;113:45–50
  18. Crombez G, Vervaet L, Lysens R, Baeyens F, Eelen P. Avoidance and confrontation of painful, back straining movements in chronic back pain patients. Behav Modif. 1998;22:62–77
  19. Geisser ME, Haig AJ, Theisen ME. Activity avoidance and function in persons with chronic back pain. J Occup Rehabil. 2000;10:215–227
  20. Al-Obaidi SM, Nelson RM, Al-Awadhi S, Al-Shuwaie N. The role of anticipation and fear of pain in the persistence of avoidance behavior in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine. 2000;25:1126–1131
  21. Al-Obaidi SM, Al-Zoabi B, Al-Shuwaie N, Al-Zaabie N, Nelson RM. The influence of pain and pain-related fear and disability beliefs on walking velocity in chronic low back pain. Int J Rehabil Res. 2003;26:101–108
  22. Vowles KE, Gross RT. Work-related beliefs about injury and physical capability for work in individuals with chronic pain. Pain. 2003;101:291–298
  23. Goubert L, Crombez G, Lysens R. Effects of varied-stimulus exposure on overpredictions of pain and behavioural performance in low back pain patients. Behav Res Ther. 2005;43:1347–1361
  24. McWilliams LA, Cox BJ, Enns MW. Mood and anxiety disorders associated with chronic pain: an examination in a nationally representative sample. Pain. 2003;106:127–133
  25. Scott KM, Bruffaerts R, Tsang A, Ormel J, Alonso J, Angermeyer MC, et al. Depression-anxiety relationships with chronic physical conditions: results from the World Mental Health Surveys. J Affect Disord. 2007;103:113–120
  26. Bair MJ, Wu J, Damush TM, Sutherland JM. Association of depression and anxiety alone and in combination with chronic musculoskeletal pain in primary care patients. Psychosom Med. 2008;70:890–897
  27. MacLeod C, Mathews A. Biased cognitive operations in anxiety: accessibility of information or assignment of processing priorities?. Behav Res Ther. 1991;29:599–610
  28. MacLeod C, McLaughlin K. Implicit and explicit memory bias in anxiety: a conceptual replication. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33:1–14
  29. Mogg K, Bradley BP, Millar N, White J. A follow-up study of cognitive bias in generalized anxiety disorder. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33:927–935
  30. Banks SM, Kerns RD. Explaining the high rates of depression in chronic pain: a diathesis-stress framework. Psychol Bull. 1996;119:95–110
  31. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. New York: Freeman; 1997;
  32. Turk DC. A diathesis-stress model of chronic pain and disability following traumatic injury. Pain Res Manag. 2002;7:9–19
  33. Walker J. Control and the psychology of health. Buckingham: Open University Press; 2001;
  34. Woby SR, Urmston M, Watson PJ. Self-efficacy mediates the relation between pain-related fear and outcome in chronic low back pain patients. Eur J Pain. 2007;11:711–718
  35. Arnstein P, Caudill M, Mandle CL, Norris A, Beasley R. Self efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between pain intensity, disability and depression in chronic pain patients. Pain. 1999;80:483–491
  36. Turner JA, Holtzman S, Mancl L. Mediators, moderators, and predictors of therapeutic change in cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain. Pain. 2007;127:276–286
  37. Council JR, Ahern DK, Follick MJ, Kline CL. Expectancies and functional impairment in chronic low back pain. Pain. 1988;33:323–331
  38. Lackner JM, Carosella AM, Feuerstein M. Pain expectancies, pain, and functional self-efficacy expectancies as determinants of disability in patients with chronic low back disorders. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996;64:212–220
  39. Rudy TE, Kerns RD, Turk DC. Chronic pain and depression: towards a cognitive-behavioral mediation model. Pain. 1988;35:129–140
  40. Walker JM, Sofaer B. Predictors of psychological distress in chronic pain patients. J Adv Nurs. 1998;27:320–326
  41. Huskisson EC. Measurement of pain. Lancet. 1974;2:1127–1131
  42. Price DD, McGrath PA, Rafii A, Buckingham B. The validation of visual analogue scales as ratio scale measures for chronic and experimental pain. Pain. 1983;17:45–46
  43. Carlsson AM. Assessment of chronic pain. I. Aspects of the reliability and validity of the visual analogue scale. Pain. 1983;16:87–101
  44. Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30:473–483
  45. Berwick DM, Murphy JM, Goldman PA, Ware JE, Barsky AJ, Weinstein MC. Performance of a five-item mental health screening test. Med Care. 1991;29:169–176
  46. Karlsson J, Ware JE. The Swedish SF-36 Health Survey. 1. Evaluation of data quality, scaling assumptions, reliability and construct validity across general populations in Sweden. Soc Sci Med. 1992;41:1349–1358
  47. Kelly MJ, Dunstan FD, Lloyd K, Fone DL. Evaluating cutpoints for the MHI-5 and MCS using the GHQ-12: a comparison of five different methods. BMC Psychiatry. 2008;8:10
  48. Lundberg MK, Styf J, Carlsson SG. A psychometric evaluation of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia – from a physiotherapeutic perspective. Physiother Theor Pract. 2004;20:121–133
  49. Symonds TL, Burton AK, Tillotson KM, Main CJ. Do attitudes and beliefs influence work loss due to low back trouble?. Occup Med. 1996;46:25–32
  50. Elfving B. Back Beleifs Questionnaire (BBQ), Translation to Swedish and pilot test of reliability and validity. Nordisk Fysioterapi. 2006;10:1–12
  51. Estlander A, Vanharanta H, Moneta G, Kaivanto K. Anthropometric variables, self-efficacy beliefs, and pain and disability ratings on the isokinetic performance of low back pain patients. Spine. 1994;19:941–947
  52. Johansson E, Lindberg P. Low back pain patients in primary care: subgroups based on the Multidimensional Pain Inventory. Int J Behav Med. 2000;7:340–352
  53. Jensen IB, Linton SJ. Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ): reliability of the Swedish version of the CSQ. Scand J Behav Ther. 1993;22:139–145
  54. Fairbank JC, Couper J, Davies JB, O’Brien JP. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy. 1980;66:271–273
  55. Fairbank JC, Pynsent PB. The Oswestry Disability Index. Spine. 2000;25:2940–2953
  56. Grotle M, Brox JI, Vollestad NK. Cross-cultural adaptation of the Norwegian versions of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index. J Rehab Med. 2003;35:241–247
  57. Lauridsen HH, Hartvigsen J, Manniche C, Korsholm L, Grunnet-Nilsson N. Danish version of the Oswestry Disability Index for patients with low back pain. Part 1. Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity in two different populations. Eur Spine J. 2006;15:1705–1716
  58. Hagg O, Fritzell P, Ekselius L, Nordwall A. Predictors of outcome in fusion surgery for chronic low back pain. A report from the Swedish Lumbar Spine Study. Eur Spine J. 2003;12:22–33
  59. EuroQol Group . EuroQol – a new facility for the measurement of health related quality of life. Health Policy. 1990;16:199–208
  60. Dolan P. Modelling valuations for EuroQol health states. Med Care. 1997;35:1095–1108
  61. Preacher KJ, Hayes FA. Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behav Res Methods. 2008;40:879–891
  62. MacKinnon DP, Lockwood CM, Williams J. Confidence limits for the indirect effect: distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivar Behav Res. 2004;39:99–128
  63. Williams J, MacKinnon DP. Resampling and distribution of the product methods for testing indirect effects in complex models. Struct Equat Model. 2008;15:23–51
  64. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics. 5th ed.. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon; 2007;
  65. Ayre M, Tyson GA. The role of self-efficacy and fear-avoidance beliefs in the prediction of disability. Aust Psychol. 2001;36:250–253
  66. Denison E, Åsenlöf P, Lindberg P. Self-efficacy, fear avoidance, and pain intensity as predictors of disability in subacute and chronic musculoskeletal pain patients in primary health care. Pain. 2004;111:245–252
  67. Woby SR, Watson PJ, Roach NK, Urmston M. Coping strategy use: does it predict adjustment to chronic back pain after controlling for catastrophic thinking and self-efficacy for pain control?. J Rehabil Med. 2005;37:100–117
  68. Woby SR, Roach NK, Urmston M, Watson PJ. The relation between cognitive factors and levels of pain and disability in chronic low back pain patients presenting for physiotherapy. Eur J Pain. 2007;11:869–877
  69. Burström K, Johanesson M, Diderichsen F. Swedish population health-related quality of life results using the EQ-5D. Qual Life Res. 2001;10:621–635
  70. Severeijns R, van den Hout MA, Vlaeyen JWS, Picavet HSJ. Pain catastrophizing and general health status in a large Dutch community sample. Pain. 2002;99:367–376
  71. Lamé IE, Peters ML, Vlaeyen JWS, Kleef Mv , Patijn J. Quality of life in chronic pain is more associated with beliefs about pain than with pain intensity. Eur J Pain. 2005;9:15–24
  72. Sullivan MJ, D’Eon JL. Relationship between catastrophizing and depression in chronic pain patients. J Abnorm Psychol. 1990;99:260–263
  73. Hirsch AT, George SZ, Riley JL, Robinson ME. An evaluation of the measurement of pain catastrophizing by the coping strategy questionnaire. Eur J Pain. 2007;11:75–81
  74. Geisser M, Robinson M, Keefe F, Weiner M. Catastrophizing, depression and the sensory, affective and evaluative aspects of chronic pain. Pain. 1994;59:79–83
  75. Sullivan MJL, Thorn B, Rodgers W, Ward C. Path model of antecedents to pain experience: experimental and clinical findings. Clin J Pain. 2004;20:164–173
  76. Sullivan MJ, Stanish W, Waite H, Sullivan M, Tripp DA. Catastrophizing, pain and disability in patients with soft-tissue injuries. Pain. 1998;77:253–260
  77. Asmundson GJ, Norton PJ, Vlaeyen JWS. Fear-avoidance models of chronic pain: an overview. In:  Asmundson GJ,  Vlaeyen JWS,  Crombez G editor. Understanding and treating fear of pain. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2004;p. 3–24
  78. Crombez G, Van Damme S, Eccleston C. Hypervigilance to pain: an experimental and clinical analysis. Pain. 2005;116:4–7
  79. Martin LL, Ward DW, Achee JW, Wyer RS. Mood as input – people have to interpret the motivational implications of their moods. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1993;64:317–326
  80. Bandura A. Social cognitive theory: an agentive perspective. Ann Rev Psychol. 2001;52:1–26
  81. Mergl M, Seidscheck I, Allgaier AK, Möller HJ, Hegerl U, Henkel V. Depressive anxiety, and somatoform disorders in primary care: prevalence and recognition. Depress Anxiety. 2007;24:185–195
  82. Shorter E, Tyrer P. Separation of anxiety and depressive disorders: blind alley in psychopharmacology and classification of disease. BMJ. 2003;327:158–160

PII: S0031-9406(10)00017-9

doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2009.11.013

Physiotherapy
Volume 96, Issue 3 , Pages 213-221 , September 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution