Physiotherapy
Volume 95, Issue 3 , Pages 185-191 , September 2009

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and transcutaneous spinal electroanalgesia: A preliminary efficacy and mechanisms-based investigation

References 

  1. Pope GD, Mockett SP, Wright JP. A survey of electrotherapeutic modalities: ownership and use in the NHS in England. Physiotherapy. 1995;81:82–91
  2. Bioinduction Limited. Acticare IC Interferential, TENS and TSE electrotherapy system users manual. Bristol: Bioinduction Limited; 2005. Available at: http://www.acticare.com [last accessed 26.02.2008].
  3. Macdonald AJR, Coates TW. The discovery of transcutaneous spinal electroanalgesia and its relief of chronic pain. Physiotherapy. 1995;81:653–661
  4. Robb KA, Newham DJ, Williams JE. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation vs. transcutaneous spinal electroanalgesia for chronic pain associated with breast cancer treatments. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2007;33:410–419
  5. Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science. 1965;150:971–979
  6. Palmer S, Macmillan L. Effects of electrical stimulation on a measure of A-beta fibre sensitivity. In: 10th World Congress on Pain. San Diego, USA, August 17-22. 2002;[Abstract ID 426-P60]
  7. Aarskog R, Johnson MI, Demmink JH, Lofthus A, Iversen V, Lopes-Martins R, et al. Is mechanical pain threshold after transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) increased locally and unilaterally? A randomized placebo controlled trial in healthy subjects. Physiother Res Int. 2007;12:251–263
  8. Başkurt Z, Başkurt F, Özcan A, Yilmaz Ö. The immediate effects of heat and TENS on pressure pain threshold and pain intensity in patients with stage I shoulder impingement syndrome. Pain Clin. 2006;18:81–85
  9. Chesterton LS, Barlas P, Foster NE, Lundeberg T, Wright CC, Baxter GD. Sensory stimulation (TENS): effects of parameter manipulation on mechanical pain thresholds in healthy human subjects. Pain. 2002;99:253–262
  10. Chesterton LS, Foster NE, Wright CC, Baxter GD, Barlas P. Effect of TENS frequency, intensity and stimulation site parameter manipulation on mechanical pain thresholds in healthy human subjects. Pain. 2003;106:73–80
  11. McDowell BC, McCormack K, Walsh DM, Baxter DG, Allen JM. Comparative analgesic effects of H-wave therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on pain threshold in humans. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80:1001–1004
  12. Walsh DM, Foster NE, Baxter GD, Allen JM. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): relevance of stimulation parameters to neurophysiological and hypoalgesic effects. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1995;74:199–206
  13. Walsh DM, Lowe AS, McCormack K, Willer J-C, Baxter GD, Allen JM. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: effect on peripheral nerve conduction, mechanical pain threshold, and tactile threshold in humans. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998;79:1051–1058
  14. McManus FJ, Ward AR, Robertson VJ. The analgesic effects of interferential therapy on two experimental pain models: cold and mechanically induced pain. Physiotherapy. 2006;92:95–102
  15. Alves-Geurreiro J, Noble JG, Lowe AS, Walsh DM. The effect of three electrotherapeutic modalities upon peripheral nerve conduction and mechanical pain threshold. Clin Physiol. 2001;21:704–711
  16. Simpson KH, Ward J. A randomized, double-blind, crossover study of the use of transcutaneous spinal electroanalgesia in patients with pain from chronic critical limb ischemia. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2004;28:511–516
  17. Thompson JW, Bower S, Tyrer SP. A double blind randomised controlled clinical trial on the effect of transcutaneous spinal electroanalgesia (TSE) on low back pain. Eur J Pain. 2008;12:371–377
  18. Towell A, Williams D, Boyd S. High-frequency non-invasive stimulation over the spine: effects on mood and mechanical pain thresholds in normal subjects. Behav Neurol. 1997;10:61–65
  19. Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Guidance for the clinical use of electrophysical agents. London: Chartered Society of Physiotherapy; 2006.
  20. Deyo RA, Walsh NE, Schoenfeld LS, Ramamurthy S. Can trials of physical treatments be blinded? The example of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic pain. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1990;69:6–10
  21. Johnson MI. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). In:  Watson T editors. Electrotherapy: evidence-based practice. 12th ed.. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2008;p. 253–96.

PII: S0031-9406(09)00057-1

doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2009.04.008

Physiotherapy
Volume 95, Issue 3 , Pages 185-191 , September 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution